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From the fifth paragraph we can infer that
A．the author has never been afraid of changes in his life
B．the author used to believe that changes happened automaticallv
C．the author is still not satisfied with his present situation
D．the author and experienced a period of frustration of his life
答案
更多“From the fifth paragraph we can infer thatA．the author has never been afraid of c”相关的问题
第1题
根据下面内容，回答题：
Many of the problems we face today are not so new as we think they are. And some of our modern solutions are not so new， either. The problem of energy shortages and the solution of using solar energy go back at least to early Greek cultures. The climate in the coastal areas of Greece 2，500 years ago was characterized by cool winters， much as it is today. At that time， the Greeks heated their homes with small， charcoal-burning heaters. In other words， wood （which is used to make charcoal） was their primary source of energy.However， by the fifth century BC fuel shortages had become common because， in many parts of Greece， the firewood in the forests had been depleted. Once the supply of firewood from the local forests ran out， people began to use the wood from olive groves as fuel. But this solution had its own problem. It reduced the olive crop， a valuable resource to the Greeks. By the fourth century BC， the city of Athens banned the use of olive wood for fuel. Wood had to be imported from farther and farther away， making it more difficult to obtain and more expensive to use. About this time the Greeks began to build their houses facing south， so that the low sun in winter could penetrate and help heat the interiors. Excavations of ancient Greek cities suggest that large areas were planned so that individual homes could take maximum advantage of passive solar energy.
The word "depleted" means________. 查看材料
A.damaged
B.stolen
C.used up
D.discovered
第2题
Computer Viruses
计算机病毒
Introduction
A computer virus is a piece of software programmed to perform one major task: to replicate. Viruses accomplish their reproductive task by preying on other computer files, requiring a host program[1]as a means of survival. Viruses gain control over their host in various ways, for example by attaching their infected code to the end of a host program and misguiding the header information at the beginning of the file so that it points toward itself rather than the legitimate program. Therefore, when an infected host program is run, the virus gets executed before the host. The host program can be almost anything: an application, part of the operating system's, part of the system boot code, or a device driver. The virus continues to spread, moving from file to file in this infectious manner.
In addition to its propagation mission, many viruses contain code whose purpose is to cause damage. In some viruses, this code is activated by a trigger mechanism.[2]A trigger condition may be linked to the number of times the host file is run, or it could be a response to a particular date, time or random number. In other cases, the damage could occur continuously or on a random basis. Of the 11,000 known viruses present today, more than 2,000 have been diagnosed as being data destructive.
Types of Viruses
Several types of viruses exist and are classified according to their propagation patterns.
1. Executable File Infectors
These viruses spread infection by attaching to an executable file, misdirecting the header information, and executing before the host file. It is very common for these viruses to load themselves into memory once their infected host file is launched. From there, they monitor access calls, infecting programs as executed.
2. Boot Sector Infectors
This type of virus overwrites the original boot sector, replacing this portion of code with itself, so it is the first to load and gain control upon system boot, even before DOS. In order for boot block viruses to replicate, it is usually necessary to boot the computer from an infected floppy disk. Upon system boot, the virus will jump from the infected floppy disk to the hard disks partition table.
3. Partition Table Infectors
These viruses attack the hard disk partition table by moving it to a different sector and replacing the original partition table with its own infectious code. These viruses will then spread from the partition table to the boot sector of floppy disks as floppies are accessed. 4. Memory Resident Infectors
Many viruses load themselves into memory while altering vital system services. For example, some viruses modify the operating system's Execute Program service in such a way that any executed program is immediately infected. Other viruses modify the operating system in order to camouflage their existence. These viruses are called Stealth Viruses.
Why Are Viruses Written？
Bulgaria is often referred to as the "Virus Factory" because the country accounts for the highest percentage of new virus creation. Several cultural factors attribute to this state. Primarily, the country offers no software copyright protection, so legitimate software programmers are not rewarded financially for their work. And there are no laws in place to prohibit the authorship of new viruses. In fact, virus source code is often posted on international bulletin boards for anyone to access. Certainly, this is not the case in the United States, so why do we maintain the second highest level of virus authorship？ Today's viruses are being written to attack a specific person, company or program. There are countless stories of disgruntled employees who seek vengeance by writing viruses to attack their former employer's computer system.
How Are Viruses Transmitted？
Because a virus is nothing more than a piece of software, it can be acquired in the same way as legitimate programs. Viruses have reportedly been transmitted through shrink- wrapped retail software.[3]Unsuspecting sales representatives often act as carriers by demonstrating infected programs. Newly purchased computers, which had their hard disks formatted by service technicians, have been returned with viruses. These pests travel over phone lines through programs sent by modem. Bulletin boards do occasionally transmit viruses. The most common means of contracting a virus, however, is through the use ot floppy disks. Piracy of software, in particular, expedites viral spread, as do floppy disks traveling from one computer to another.
We Are All at Risk
All personal computer users are at risk for viral infection. Several events, trends and technological inroads have combined in the past few years to increase our vulnerability to infection. The proliferation of local area networks, the downloading of information from mainframes to desktop computers, our increased reliance on personal computers to store mission critical data, the arrival of electronic bulletin boards, the globalization of communications, the gained popularity of shareware, the growing use of remote communications, the increased sophistication of end users, the portability of data, the casual spread of software via piracy, and the staggering rate of new virus creation all contribute to increase our risk of virus infection.
A Special Threat to Networks
Viruses present a special threat to networks because of the inherent connectivity they provide and because of the potential for widespread data loss. Once a virus infects a single networked computer, the average time required for it to infect another workstation is anywhere from 10 to 20 minutes. With a propagation time of this magnitude, a virus can paralyze an entire network in several hours.
Virus Infection Symptoms
The most successful virus has no symptoms at all. Your computer may be infected, and you will notice no change in the normal behavior of your computer. The only way to be aware of such viruses is to use automated virus detection tools. Some less sophisticated viruses may exhibit "visible" symptoms such as:
1) Changes in program length
2) Changes in the data or time stamp
3) Longer program load times
4) Slower system operation
5) Unexplained disk activities
6) Unexplained reduction in memory or disk space
7) Bad sectors on your floppy
8) Disappearing programs
9) Unusual error messages
10) Unusual screen activity
11) Access lights turn on for non-referenced drive
12) Failed program execution
It is important to remember that some viruses may not exhibit any visible symptoms at all. Don't count on your intuition as your only tool for detecting viruses.
Anti-Virus Tools
In dealing with today's sophisticated viruses, intuition and strict employee policies are not enough. The more carefully engineered virus programs exhibit no visible symptoms at all until it is too late. Your computer may be infected with a virus without any noticeable alteration in functionality. Therefore, relying solely on visible side effects, such as slower system operation, longer program load time or unusual screen activity as a means of early detection, may not prove as reliable as it once did. You can no longer afford to count on your intuition as your only tool for detecting viruses. While information systems managers should establish employee guidelines and policies to lessen the potential for infection, strict rules alone will not insure complete protection. What about the shrink-wrapped software program purchased by your company that was later found to be infected by a virus？ Or what about the hard drive that was sent out for repair by a service technician, only to[4]have it returned with a virus？ The only way to prevent viruses from mysteriously entering your company is to reinforce the security programs already in place with automated virus detection tools.
Defending against Viruses
Following are some tips in helping to combat the growing threat of viral infection.
1) Use an automated virus detection tool, such as Fifth Generation Systems Untouchable virus protection software.
2) Regularly perform a backup of your data with a backup program, such as Fifth Generation Systems Fastback Plus.[5]
3) Prevent unauthorized access to your computer by using a security access program, such as Fifth Generation Systems Disklock.[6]
4) Use write-protected tabs on all program disks before installing any new software. If the software does not allow this, install it first, then apply the write-protected tabs.
5) Do not install new software unless you know it has come from a reliable source. For instance, service technicians and sales representatives are common carriers of viruses. Scan all demonstration or repair software before use.
6) Scan every floppy disk before use and check all files downloaded from a bulletin board or acquired from a modem.
7) Educate employees. As the adage goes, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
8) Do not boot from any floppy disk[7], other than a clean, DOS based disk.
9) Avoid sharing software and machines.
10) Store executable and other vital system parameters on a bootable DOS based disk and regularly compare this information to the current state of your hard drive.
Notes
[1]requiring a host program：host表示“主人”、“东道主”。此处a host program可译成“主机程序”。
[2]a trigger mechanism：触发装置。
[3]shrink-wrapped retail software：用收缩塑料薄膜包装的零售软件。
[4]only to：不定式短语表示结果；翻译成“结果……”，如：He made a long speech only to show his ignorance of the subject．他讲一大段话，结果只暴露出他对这门学科一无所知。
[5]Fifth Generation Systems Fastback Plus：第五代生成系统快速备份。
[6]Fifth Generation Systems Disklock：第五代生成系统磁盘锁。
[7]Do not boot from any floppy disk. boot意指“引导”、“启动”。此句译为“不要直接从软盘启动计算机”。
Choose the best answer for each of the following:
第3题
1). What does the word "scared" mean in the second paragraph？
2). What does the word "grants" mean in the third paragraph？
3). The sentence "But if you are struggling to make ends meet, ？at weekends" in the third paragraph implies().
4). From the fifth paragraph, we can infer that in order to overcome the stress of living faraway from home, ().
5). This passage is written for the purpose of ().
(1).A、excited
B、frightened
C、worried
(2).A、money given by the government to support the students' study, which they needn't pay back
B、money from the government which the students need to pay back
C、money from the school which is similar to scholarship
(3).A、if you are short of money, you can find a part-time job in the restaurants and bars in your spare time
B、if you want to have a better life than others, you can find a part-time job in your spare time
C、restaurants and bars need more hands in the evenings and at weekends
(4).A、it's better for new students to talk to their parents over the phone from time to time
B、new students need to do their washing themselves
C、new students should keep themselves as busy as possible so that they will not miss home
(5).A、telling new students the problems facing them in the university
B、telling new students how to budget their money
C、offering new students some advice about their university life
第5题
You should visit the Fifth Avenue _______ you are in New York.
A．for
B．over
C．during
D．while
第6题
The underlined word "it" in the fifth paragraph probably refers to ______.
A．the Olympics
B．the youth camp
C．the friendship
D．the Australian team
第7题
"Defied" in the fifth paragraph probably means" ______ ".
A．doubled
B．gave proof to
C．challenged
D．agreed to
第8题
The fifth paragraph tells us that most MBA programs outside the States______.
A．last longer
B．are cost-efficient
C．lack global attraction
D．are hard to complete
第9题
The main purpose of the fifth generation computer effort is ______.
A．to use molecules instead of electronic elements
B．to express logical symbols in the way of chemical units of DNA
C．to obtain true artificial intelligence
D．to take the place of human thoughts
第10题
10．The main purpose of the fifth generation computer effort is ______.
A．to use molecules instead of electronic elements
B．to express logical symbols in the way of chemical units of DNA
C．to obtain true artificial intelligence
D．to take the place of human thoughts
